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Where does the hot air balloon go?
A hot air balloon is a lighter-than-air (Opens in a new window) aircraft consisting of a bag, called an envelope, which contains heated air. Suspended beneath is a gondola (Opens in a new window) or wicker basket (Opens in a new window) (in some long-distance or high-altitude balloons, a capsule), which carries passengers and a source of heat, in most cases an open flame caused by burning liquid propane (Opens in a new window). The heated air inside the envelope makes it buoyant (Opens in a new window) since it has a lower density (Opens in a new window) than the colder air outside the envelope. As with all aircraft (Opens in a new window), hot air balloons cannot fly beyond the atmosphere (Opens in a new window). The envelope does not have to be sealed at the bottom, since the air inside the envelope there is at about the same pressure as the surrounding air. In modern sport balloons the envelope is generally made from nylon (Opens in a new window) fabric and the inlet of the balloon (closest to the burner flame) is made from a fire resistant material such as Nomex (Opens in a new window). Modern balloons have been made in many shapes, such as rocket ships and the shapes of various commercial products, though the traditional shape is used for most non-commercial, and many commercial, applications.
The hot air balloon is the first successful human-carrying flight technology. The first untethered manned hot air balloon flight was performed by Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier (Opens in a new window) and François Laurent d'Arlandes (Opens in a new window) on November 21, 1783, in Paris (Opens in a new window), France (Opens in a new window),[1] (Opens in a new window) in a balloon created by the Montgolfier brothers (Opens in a new window).[2] (Opens in a new window)The first hot-air balloon flown in the Americas was launched from the Walnut Street Jail (Opens in a new window) in Philadelphia on January 9, 1793 by the French aeronaut Jean Pierre Blanchard (Opens in a new window).[3] (Opens in a new window) Hot air balloons that can be propelled through the air rather than simply drifting with the wind (Opens in a new window) are known as thermal airships (Opens in a new window).